Atovaquone is a synthetic hydroxy-naphthoquinone drug with potent antimicrobial activity. It is primarily used to treat and prevent Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) and malaria. The drug acts by inhibiting the mitochondrial electron transport chain in parasites, disrupting their energy production. Atovaquone is often administered orally and is usually well-tolerated. It is commonly used in combination with proguanil for malaria prevention and treatment. The drug has a long half-life, allowing for convenient dosing schedules. Atovaquone is effective against certain protozoan infections and some opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients. Its absorption is enhanced when taken with fatty foods. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, and rash, though serious reactions are rare. Overall, atovaquone is an important antimicrobial agent in both prophylactic and therapeutic settings.
