Colchicine is a naturally occurring alkaloid extracted from plants of the Colchicum genus, primarily used for its anti-inflammatory properties. It works by inhibiting microtubule polymerization, which reduces neutrophil activity and inflammation. Colchicine is most commonly used in the treatment and prevention of gout attacks. It is also prescribed for familial Mediterranean fever, a genetic inflammatory disorder. The drug helps relieve pain, swelling, and redness associated with acute gout flares. Colchicine can be used in combination with other medications to prevent recurrent gout attacks. It has also been studied for use in certain cardiovascular and inflammatory conditions. The drug is administered orally in tablet or liquid form. Careful dosing is required to avoid toxicity, especially in patients with kidney or liver impairment. Overall, colchicine is an important medication for managing specific inflammatory and autoinflammatory disorders.
