Chlorhexidine is a widely used antiseptic and disinfectant known for its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi, and some viruses. It was introduced in the 1950s and has since become common in medical and dental practice. Chlorhexidine works by disrupting microbial cell membranes, leading to cell death. It is available in various forms such as solutions, gels, sprays, and mouthwashes. In healthcare settings, it is used for skin disinfection before surgery and injections. It is also used for wound cleansing and infection prevention. In dentistry, chlorhexidine mouthwash helps control dental plaque and gingivitis. It is commonly used in hand sanitizers and antiseptic soaps. Chlorhexidine is generally safe when used correctly. However, prolonged or improper use may cause side effects like staining of teeth or skin irritation.
