Atropine is a naturally occurring alkaloid extracted from plants of the Solanaceae family, such as belladonna. It belongs to the class of anticholinergic drugs, which block the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. By inhibiting parasympathetic nerve impulses, atropine affects various organs, including the heart, eyes, and respiratory system. It is commonly used to increase heart rate in cases of bradycardia (slow heartbeat). In ophthalmology, atropine is applied as eye drops to dilate pupils during examinations. It also helps reduce salivary and respiratory secretions during surgery. Atropine is employed as an antidote for organophosphate poisoning. Its effects include dry mouth, blurred vision, and reduced sweating due to parasympathetic inhibition. The drug must be used carefully because high doses can cause toxicity. Overall, atropine is an important medication in emergency medicine, ophthalmology, and toxicology.
