Lenalidomide is a synthetic derivative of thalidomide with immunomodulatory, anti-angiogenic, and anti-neoplastic properties. It works by enhancing the immune system’s ability to target abnormal cells, inhibiting tumor growth, and modulating inflammatory pathways. Lenalidomide is primarily used in the treatment of multiple myeloma, often in combination with dexamethasone or other chemotherapeutic agents. It is effective in patients with newly diagnosed, relapsed, or refractory multiple myeloma. The drug is also indicated for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) with deletion 5q cytogenetic abnormality to reduce transfusion dependence. Additionally, it is used in mantle cell lymphoma for patients who have relapsed or progressed after prior therapies. Lenalidomide serves as maintenance therapy following autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma. It is being investigated in clinical trials for other hematological malignancies and select solid tumors. Its use improves progression-free survival and overall survival in appropriately selected patients. The drug is commercially available under the brand name Revlimid.
