Ergotamine is an ergot alkaloid primarily used for the treatment of migraine attacks due to its potent vasoconstrictive properties. It works by stimulating serotonin (5-HT) receptors in the cranial blood vessels, leading to constriction of dilated blood vessels and relief from migraine symptoms. The history of ergotamine dates back to the early 20th century when it was first isolated from the ergot fungus (Claviceps purpurea), which grows on rye and other cereals. Its discovery marked a significant advancement in the treatment of migraine, providing one of the first effective pharmacological options. Over time, ergotamine has been formulated into oral, sublingual, and injectable forms, maintaining its role as an important therapy in migraine management, though newer triptans have largely supplemented its use due to improved safety and tolerability.
