Cefoxitin is a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that belongs to the β-lactam class of drugs. It is structurally related to cephamycin and is known for its enhanced activity against anaerobic bacteria. Cefoxitin works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to cell lysis and death. It is commonly administered by intravenous or intramuscular routes in clinical settings. Cefoxitin is widely used in the treatment of mixed aerobic and anaerobic infections. It is effective against organisms such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, and Bacteroides species. The drug is frequently used in intra-abdominal infections, pelvic infections, and skin and soft tissue infections. Cefoxitin is also used for surgical prophylaxis to prevent postoperative infections. Its resistance to certain β-lactamases increases its clinical usefulness. Overall, cefoxitin plays an important role in managing moderate to severe bacterial infections.
