Benzylpenicillin benzathine (benzathine penicillin G) is a long-acting antibiotic developed as an improved formulation of penicillin to provide prolonged antibacterial action. After the discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming in 1928 and its large-scale production during World War II, researchers worked to create longer-acting versions to reduce the need for frequent injections. In the 1950s, benzathine was combined with benzylpenicillin to slow its absorption after intramuscular injection, allowing the drug to remain in the body for extended periods. This innovation made it highly effective for treating infections such as syphilis and for preventing rheumatic fever. Due to its reliability, low cost, and long duration of action, benzylpenicillin benzathine continues to play a vital role in global healthcare and is included on the World Health Organization’s essential medicines list.
