Norfloxacin is a synthetic fluoroquinolone antibiotic developed in the early 1980s, primarily to treat urinary tract and gastrointestinal infections. It acts by inhibiting bacterial enzymes DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, which are essential for DNA replication, thereby preventing bacterial growth. As one of the first widely used fluoroquinolones, norfloxacin helped establish the class’s role in managing Gram-negative bacterial infections and has been extensively used in both hospital and outpatient settings.
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