Homatropine is a synthetic anticholinergic drug derived from tropic acid and tropine, primarily used in ophthalmology to induce pupil dilation (mydriasis) and relax the eye’s focusing muscles (cycloplegia) during eye examinations. It was first synthesized in the early 20th century as part of efforts to develop safer alternatives to natural alkaloids like atropine. Homatropine works by blocking muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the eye, causing temporary paralysis of the ciliary muscle and pupil dilation. Compared to atropine, it has a shorter duration of action and fewer systemic side effects, making it preferable for diagnostic procedures. Over time, homatropine has also found limited use in treating uveitis and other ocular inflammatory conditions, maintaining its relevance in ophthalmic practice.
