Flunarizine is a selective calcium channel blocker with antihistaminic properties mainly used for the prophylaxis of migraine and in the management of vestibular disorders such as vertigo. It works by reducing calcium ion influx into neurons, thereby stabilizing neuronal excitability and preventing migraine attacks rather than relieving acute pain. Historically, flunarizine was developed during the 1960s–1970s as part of research into calcium channel antagonists for neurological conditions, and it later gained clinical acceptance after studies confirmed its effectiveness in reducing migraine frequency. Over the years, it has been widely used in many countries, though its use is sometimes carefully monitored due to potential neurological side effects, while still remaining a valuable drug in neuropharmacology.
