Dutasteride is a synthetic 4-azasteroid drug primarily used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). It works by inhibiting the enzyme 5-alpha reductase, which converts testosterone into dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a hormone responsible for prostate enlargement. Unlike earlier medications, dutasteride inhibits both type I and type II isoenzymes of 5-alpha reductase, leading to more complete suppression of DHT levels. The drug was developed during the 1990s as researchers sought more effective therapies for prostate-related disorders. Dutasteride showed improved efficacy compared to first-generation inhibitors in clinical studies. It was approved for medical use in the early 2000s. Over time, its role expanded to include treatment of male pattern hair loss in some regions. The drug is known for its long half-life, allowing sustained therapeutic effects. Dutasteride has become an important option in urological practice. Its development marked a significant advancement in hormonal therapy for prostate diseases.
